UL 1449 Surge Protector Standard Update: Zofunikira Zatsopano Zoyesa Pamapulogalamu Achilengedwe Onyowa

Phunzirani zakusintha kwa muyezo wa UL 1449 Surge Protective Devices (SPDs), ndikuwonjezera zofunikira pakuyesa kwazinthu zomwe zili m'malo achinyezi, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kosasintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi. Phunzirani chomwe chitetezo cha maopaleshoni ndi chiyani, komanso malo onyowa ndi chiyani.

Oteteza ma Surge (Surge Protective Devices, SPDs) akhala akuwoneka ngati chitetezo chofunikira kwambiri pazida zamagetsi. Iwo akhoza kuteteza anasonkhanitsa mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha mphamvu, kotero kuti zida zotetezedwa sizidzawonongeka ndi mwadzidzidzi mphamvu mantha. Wotetezera opaleshoni akhoza kukhala chipangizo chathunthu chopangidwa paokha, kapena chingapangidwe ngati chigawo chimodzi ndikuyika mu zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zoteteza opaleshoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zonse zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pankhani yachitetezo. Muyezo wa UL 1449 ndi chofunikira chomwe akatswiri masiku ano amachidziwa akamafunsira msika.

Ndi kuchulukirachulukira kwa zida zamagetsi ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwake m'mafakitale ochulukirachulukira, monga magetsi amsewu a LED, njanji, 5G, ma photovoltaics ndi zamagetsi zamagalimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi chitukuko cha oteteza maopaleshoni akuchulukirachulukira, ndipo miyezo yamakampani ndiyomwe ikufunikanso. kuyenderana ndi nthawi komanso kusinthidwa.

Tanthauzo la Chinyezi Chachilengedwe

Kaya ndi NFPA 70 ya National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) kapena National Electrical Code® (NEC), "malo onyowa" afotokozedwa momveka bwino motere:

Malo otetezedwa ku nyengo komanso osakhutitsidwa ndi madzi kapena zakumwa zina koma amakhala ndi chinyezi chambiri.

Mwachindunji, mahema, makonde otseguka, ndi zipinda zapansi kapena malo osungiramo firiji, ndi zina zotero, ndi malo omwe "ali pansi pa chinyezi chochepa" mu code.

Pamene chitetezo cha opaleshoni (monga varistor) chimayikidwa kumapeto kwa mankhwala, ndizotheka chifukwa chotsiriziracho chimayikidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chosiyana, ndipo ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti m'malo a chinyontho chotere, kuphulikako kumatuluka. mtetezi Kaya akhoza kukwaniritsa mfundo chitetezo mu chilengedwe wamba.

Zofunikira Zowunika Kachitidwe Kazinthu M'malo Onyowa

Miyezo yambiri imafuna kuti zogulitsa zidutse mayeso angapo odalirika kuti zitsimikizire momwe zimagwirira ntchito panthawi yamoyo wazinthu, monga kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi chambiri, kugwedezeka kwamafuta, kugwedezeka ndi kugwetsa zinthu zoyesa. Pamayeso okhudzana ndi malo onyezimira, kuyezetsa kosalekeza ndi chinyezi kudzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuyesa kwakukulu, makamaka kutentha kwa 85 ° C / 85% chinyezi (komwe kumadziwika kuti "kuyesa kawiri 85") ndi 40 ° C kutentha / 93 % Chinyezi Chophatikizira. mwa magawo awiriwa a magawo.

Kuyezetsa kosalekeza kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi kumafuna kufulumizitsa moyo wa mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyesera. Ikhoza kuwunika bwino mphamvu yotsutsa kukalamba kwa mankhwalawa, kuphatikizapo kulingalira ngati mankhwalawo ali ndi makhalidwe a moyo wautali komanso kutaya kochepa m'malo apadera.

Tapanga kafukufuku wamabungwe pamakampani, ndipo zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti ambiri opanga zinthu zomaliza akupanga zofunikira pakuwunika kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi cha zoteteza maopaleshoni ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati, koma muyezo wa UL 1449 panthawiyo unalibe lolingana Chifukwa chake, wopanga amayenera kuchita mayeso owonjezera payekha atapeza satifiketi ya UL 1449; ndipo ngati lipoti la certification la chipani chachitatu likufunika, kuthekera kwa ntchito yomwe tatchulayi kudzachepetsedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, chinthu chomaliza chikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa certification ya UL, chidzakumananso ndi vuto loti lipoti lachiphaso lazigawo zomwe zakhala zikugwira ntchito mkati mwake silikuphatikizidwa pamayeso ogwiritsira ntchito chilengedwe chonyowa, ndipo kuwunika kowonjezera kumafunika.

Timamvetsetsa zosowa za makasitomala ndipo tatsimikiza mtima kuthandiza makasitomala kuthetsa zowawa zomwe zimakumana ndi ntchito yeniyeni. UL idakhazikitsa dongosolo lokhazikika la 1449.

Zofunikira zofananira zoyeserera zowonjezeredwa ku muyezo

Muyezo wa UL 1449 wawonjezera posachedwapa zofunikira zoyesa pazogulitsa m'malo achinyezi. Opanga atha kusankha kuwonjezera mayeso atsopanowa pamayeso pomwe akufunsira satifiketi ya UL.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuyesa kwachilengedwe konyowa kumatengera kuyesa kosalekeza kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa njira yoyeserera yotsimikizira kuyenerera kwa Varistor (MOV)/Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) pakugwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe chonyowa:

Zitsanzo zoyezetsazo zimayesedwa kaye kukalamba pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu komanso chinyezi chambiri kwa maola 1000, ndiyeno voteji ya varistor ya varistor kapena mphamvu yamagetsi yapaipi yotulutsa mpweya idzafaniziridwa kuti zitsimikizire ngati zida zoteteza maopaleshoni zimatha. kutha kwa nthawi yayitali M'malo achinyezi, imasungabe ntchito yake yoteteza yoyambirira.